What is canned food?
Canned food refers to the raw materials that meet the requirements of processing, blending, canning, sealing, sterilization, cooling, or aseptic canning, to meet the requirements of commercial sterility, and can be stored for a long time at room temperature. Canned food technology has two key features: sealing and sterilization. The earliest cans were made of glass bottles with cork and wire tightly stuffed into the mouth of the bottle. At the end of the 18th century, French general Napoleon led his army to fight in all directions. because the battle line was too long, a large amount of food would rot and spoil when it was delivered to the front line. he hoped to solve the problem of storing food during the war march, so he offered a huge reward of 12,000 francs if anyone could invent a way to prevent food.
Canned food refers to the raw materials that meet the requirements of processing, blending, canning, sealing, sterilization, cooling, or aseptic canning, to meet the requirements of commercial sterility, and can be stored for a long time at room temperature. Canned food technology has two key features: sealing and sterilization.
The earliest cans were made of glass bottles with cork and wire tightly stuffed into the mouth of the bottle. At the end of the 18th century, French general Napoleon led his army to fight in all directions. Because the front line was too long, a large amount of food would rot and deteriorate when it was transported to the front line. He hoped to solve the problem of storing food during the war. Therefore, he offered a huge reward of 12,000 francs. If someone could invent the technology and equipment to prevent food deterioration, he would be awarded the huge sum of money.
Many scientists in France pondered this hard. At that time, there was a chef named Nicolas Appert (Nicolas, 1749-1841) who worked as a worker in sauerkraut factories, wineries, candy shops and restaurants. When he was selling fruit pulp, wine and other foods, he found that some tended to go bad, while others were not easy to go bad. He also accidentally discovered that if the food sealed in the glass container is properly heated, it will not deteriorate easily. He was greatly inspired by it. As a result, Appel responded to the public's reward and conducted a special study on the methods of food preservation.
After ten years of painstaking research, he finally succeeded in 1804. He treated the food well, put it into a jar, put it all in a boiling water pot, heated it for 30-60 minutes, plugged it with a cork while it was hot, and then reinforced it with thread or sealed it with wax. This technology was published after it was patented in 1810. This method can preserve food for a long time without rotting. This is the prototype of modern cans.
Apel received a prize from Napoleon and opened a factory to provide food for the French army. Soon after the advent of Apel's glass cans, the British Peter Durand (Peter Durand) developed a tin can made of thin tin iron, and obtained a patent in the UK, which was later obtained by Hall (Hall), Gamble (Gamble) and Dong Jin (Donkin). It is the ancestor of the current commonly used iron cans.
In 1862, the French biologist Pasteur published a paper to clarify that food spoilage is caused by bacteria. As a result, the canning factory uses steam sterilization technology to make canned food reach the standard of absolute asepsis. Today's aluminum foil packaging cans were born in the United States in the 20th century.
However, food that is not packed in sealed containers can be called canned food, such as bottled fermented bean curd, seasoning sauce, honey, canned milk powder, Coca-Cola, etc. are not canned food. Canned food has the characteristics of long shelf life, convenient consumption, safety and health, nutrition and health. The invention of canned food has a history of nearly two hundred years, its technology is mature, and the consumer market is all over the world. China's canned industry began in the early days of the founding of New China, from the War to the early days of reform and opening up, for China's export earnings, economic construction has made important contributions. At present, China has become the main producer and exporter of canned food in the world, and canned food is still the main export processed food in China.
There are rumors in the market that canned food uses preservatives to achieve the effect of long-term storage. In fact, canned food is sealed and packaged. After strict sterilization process, it can achieve commercial sterility, which can make the sterilized food in a vacuum state, block external pollution from entering, prevent bacteria from breeding again, and will not deteriorate under normal temperature conditions. Therefore, canned food does not need to add preservatives!
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One minute to understand canned food
There are many types of canned food, and the methods of classification are also different. China promulgated the classification standard of canned food in 1989, and reclassified it in 2006, adding new varieties of canned food. In the standard, the canned food is first divided into six categories according to the raw materials, and then the major categories are divided into several categories according to the different processing or seasoning methods.
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